Understanding Nursing Research Building An Evidence-Based Practice

Question: Understanding Nursing Research for uilding An Evidence-Based Practice? Answer: Case Study- 1 What syndrome does this patient have? In the provided case study patient is found to be suffering from Conns Syndrome that is a condition associated with high blood pressure, hyperaldosteronism, and hyperkalaemia with a low level of resin. The tumor detected in the adrenal cortex by performing CT scan confirms Conns Syndrome. This tumor in adrenal cortex also produces a high level of aldosterone hormone leading to hyperaldosteronism. The high pH and HCO3 level confirm hyperkalaemia condition in the patient (Lillis et al. 2010). Is it a primary or secondary condition? Explain The Conns Syndrome is primary aldosteronism occurred due to the high level of aldosterone hormone released by adrenal glands of the human body (Burns Grove, 2010). This over secretion leads to a condition of hypertension (high blood pressure). Despite of low renin levels also the level of aldosterone is high indicating Conns Syndrome as primary condition. Case Study 2 What stage of intracranial pressure is this patient in? The intracranial pressure (ICP) is pressure inside the skull of the brain that is brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (Riesenberg, Leisch Cunningham, 2010). In the provided case study patient is in Low ICP stage that is a condition of Spontaneous Cerebrospinal fluid leakage around human brain and spinal cord. What breathing pattern is the patient experiencing? The patient is experiencing Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation (CNH) that is an abnormal breathing pattern that is a response of reduced Carbon dioxide level in blood. Based on breathing pattern, what area of the brain is affected? The lesion in brain stem leads to contraction of cranial arteries lowering the Carbon dioxide level and causing CNH breathing patterns. What is the name of the rash on his body? The rashes on patients body are Petechia rash or petechiae rashes that is a condition of red or purple spots occurring on the skin due to infection by Neisseria meningitides indicating Meningococcal disease in the patient ((Riesenberg, Leisch Cunningham, 2010). Why was her skin cold and white? The skin of patient was cold and white due to misbalance in blood flow indicated by high leukocytes count in lumbar puncture occurring as a result of the blockage in the limb artery. What do blood tests indicate? The blood test of the patient indicates a low level of Carbon dioxide and high pH as well as high leukocytes and protein level in blood with bacteria Neisseria meningitides. Why do the substances in the previous question show up in the blood? The low level of Carbon dioxide and high pH value indicates respiratory alkalosis (Riesenberg, Leisch Cunningham, 2010). As well as high level of leukocytes and protein show the existence of brain leakage. The presences of Neisseria meningitides indicate meningococcal disease. What do the abnormal waves of the ECG indicate? The abnormal wave of decreased amplitude T-wave indicates CNS disorder The increased U-wave indicating ST depression is sign of hypokalaemia Case Study -3 What is TPA and why was it needed to treat Ms. Myocardium to stabilize her? The Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is a protein generally involved in breaking of blood clots in the body (Yarbro, Wujcik Gobel, 2010). As the patient is suffering from heart disease due to blockage in the artery the TPA will surely work to break the blockage by dissolving the blood clot. The ejection fraction indicates that the patient has heart failure. Which type of heart failure does she have? The myocardial infarction indicated that patient is having heart failure (Yarbro, Wujcik Gobel, 2010). The analysis of smoking habits and genetic base of heart disease indicated that pulmonary disorder leads to blockage in the left side of heart indicating coronary heart disease. Why does the patient experience each of the following? Indigestion The blockage in coronary arteries causing chest pain also indicates a similar feeling like indigestion leading to angina attack in the patient. Pain between the shoulder blades The pain of angina gets spread to arms in serious conditions making patient feel like pain between the shoulder blades. Tachycardia The condition of tachycardia is due to increased heart rate of the patient or fast ventricular rate in the heart leading to coronary heart disease (Yarbro, Wujcik Gobel, 2010). References Books Burns, N., Grove, S. K. (2010).Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lillis, C., LeMone, P., LeBon, M., Lynn, P. (2010).Study guide for fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of nursing care. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Yarbro, C. H., Wujcik, D., Gobel, B. H. (2010).Cancer nursing: Principles and practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Journals Riesenberg, L. A., Leisch, J., Cunningham, J. M. (2010). Nursing handoffs: a systematic review of the literature.AJN The American Journal of Nursing,110(4), 24-34.